14 Reasons the Last Supper meal was a typical Passover meal

In his book, The Fourth Cup, Scott Hahn, in pages 69-70, references Joachim Jeremias, The Eucharistic Words of Jesus, 3rd ed. (London: SCM Press, 1966), 42–61, for the following list of 14 ways that Jesus’ Last Supper meal was a typical seder Passover meal:

1. It happened in Jerusalem, where Jesus and the disciples were pilgrims.
2. It took place in a borrowed or rented room, the usual accommodation for Passover pilgrims.
3. It took place after sundown.
4. Jesus ate the meal, as a rabbi would, in the company of his disciples, numbering more than the ten required by custom.
5. The diners reclined as they ate. (Sitting was normal for nonfestive meals.)
6. They ritually purified themselves (by foot washing).
7. They broke bread, not just at the beginning of the meal but later in the meal as well (a custom peculiar to Passover).
8. They drank wine.
9. The wine was red.
10. The meal was prepared in haste.
11. They gave alms.
12. They sang a hymn.
13. Afterward they stayed in Jerusalem.
14. Jesus interpreted the symbolism of items on the menu.

It’s a long list, and Jeremias defends every numbered item with scholarly rigor and abundant sources. The list alone takes up almost twenty pages in the book’s third edition. It doesn’t prove that the Last Supper was a seder—at least not to the satisfaction of some critical scholars. But it does show that the consistent claim of the three Synoptic Gospels is defensible and credible.